Pnuematic tool.



Patented'Ma'r. 26, I90I. W. H. SOLEY.

PNEUMATIC TOOL.

(Applicatio'n filed Aug. 5, 1899) 2 `Sheets--Shet l.

(No Model.)

lllll" Inventor.

VitneSses.

Attorneys.

TH: onms versus co.. vuoto-Unio.4 WASHINGTON. u, c.

No. 670,645. Patented Mar. 26, |901.

. W. H. SOLEY.

FNEUIVITIC TOUL.

(Application led Aug. 5, i899.) (No Moduli) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.,.

At to rn eyS ms nonms mens ca. Naranjas.. wsumcfm, n. c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM H. SOLEY, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE- HALF TO GEORGE A. DALLETT, OF SAME PLACE, AND THOMAS H. DAL- LETT, OF OHEYN EY, PENNSYLVANIA, COMPOSING THE FIRM OF THOMAS H. DALLETT z; COMPANY.

PNi-:uMATIC TOOL.

SPECIFCATION forming part aof Letters Patent No. 670,645, dated 1li/[arch 26, 1901.

Application filed August 5, 1899. Serial No. 726,267. (No model.)

A'To all whom it Wtcty concern.-

Be it known that I, WILLIAM H. SoLEY,`a citizen of the United States, residing at Philadelphia, county of Philadelphia, and State of Pennsylvania., have invented a new and'useful Im provemeut in Pneumatic Tools,of Which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification. l

My invention has for its object the production of a pneumatic toolfor cutting and chipping which is especially adapted for the purpose of chipping metal to which a stroke of considerable length must be given to theV piston and also a considerable force to the blow.'

In tools of this character it is practically necessary to provide a valve for Vcontrolling the admission of the pressure uid to and the exhaust from the piston-chamber'in order to secure the necessary length of stroke and force of blow.

My in vention consists of a new and improved construction of valve, and also in the combination with this valve of a piston-chamber and piston wherein there are means for creating constant pressure of air on one side of the piston, a supply and exhaust passage from the valve to the other side of thel piston adapted to. be alternately connectedwith the supply and With the exhaust by the reciprocation of the valve, and ports andpassages controlled by the piston in itsreciprocation to actuate the valve.

ln the drawings, Figure lis a section on the line l l of Fig. z. Fig. 2 is a section on the line 2 2, Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a perspective view ol' the valve and valve-casing. Figs. 4, 5, 6, and 7 are longitudinal sectional diagrams illustratingrcspective positions of piston and rotary Valve and the ports and passages through which they communicate, respectively, with the supply and exhaust throughout the lcycle ol' movements of the moving parts, the valve being shown at right angles to its actual position for convenience ofillustration. A is the casing. is the piston-chamber. This chamber section, but is cut away co'ncentrically.

has the portion b of large ldiameter and the portion b of smaller diameter. C is the piston `or striker, having a head c of wide diameter fitting and moving within the portion b'of the piston-chambenand a contracted stem c, fitting within the portion b' of the piston cham ber, and moving within both the portions b and bof the piston-charnber.. The stem c is cut away to form the annular groove c2.A

D `is a live-air passage extending from the top of the casing, through the casing, and opening into the lower end of portion b of the piston-cham ber. When air is admitted to passage D, a constant-pressure chamber is created within that part of the portion b of the piston-chamber beneath the shoulder formed on the piston by the enlarged head c.

E is the valve-case inclosing the valve-handle and valve F, which is separated from the piston-chamber by the bottom E' of the valvecase. On the outside of the valve-case is a groove e, and fitting therein, on the main casing, is a liange e'. The valve-case is thus held in place within the main casing.

E2 is the top of the valve-case.

Through the lloorof the valve casing or Wall E' is a supply and exhaust port f. Onopposite sides of the valve-casing are the ports ff and f2. Port f is connected by a short 'passage with the liveair passage D. Port f2 opens direct to the exhaust. On the inside of thevalve-casing, between portsf and f2, is formed a groove, within which is set the rib or projecting piece e2. The valve is generally cylindrical in cross- The cut-away portion is of the same depth as the thickness ot' rib c2, but is of about twice the width of the rib. When the valve is slipped Within the casing, the rib e2 extends between theendsot' the cut-away portion, and its curved outer side fits neatly against the concentric inside wall of the cut-away portion.

The valve is bored out axially to form the chamber or passage f4 and is bored out radially on opposite sides, but less than one hundred and eighty degrees apart, to form the passages f4 and f5. Extending through the the bottom through ports h and h', respectively, with the upper part of portion b of the piston-chamber and with the central part of portion h of the piston-chamber.

I is an exhaust-port in the casing opening from the lower end b of the piston-chamber.

t' is a passage in the casing extending from the exhaust-port I to the upper part of portion b opposite the port g.

The upper end of the main casing above the valve-case is formed with an internal screwthread, with which the external screwthread of the toolhead K engages. Within this head is the valve-chamber L', containing the shiftable throttle-valve L, having the annular groove L.

D' is a passage in the head in alinement with passage D in the inner casing and communicating therewith. This passage has a port opening into the valve-chamber opposite to the port D2, which is adapted to be connected with a source of supply.

The upper part of the tool-head is formed into a handle L, to the extremity of which is pivoted the lever M, the outer end of which engages one end of an intermediately-pivoted lever N, the other end of lever N engaging the upper end of valve L.

O is a spring in the valve-chamber L beneath the valve L and resting upon the top E2 of the valve-case E. Normally the spring forces up the throttle-valve so as to throttle the passage for the supply fluid, and the levers M and N are in the position shown in Fig. l. When the operator grasps the handle, he depresses lever M, rocking lever N, depressing the throttle-valve, and admitting supply fluid through passages D2, D', and D to the constant-pressure chamber between the shoulder on the piston and the shoulder on the tool-casing before described. Presuming the piston to be up and the valve to be shifted to the left, as shown in Fig. 4, the supply fluid passes through port f of the valve-casing, port f4 of the valve, passage f3 of t-he valve, and port f of the valve-casing into the top of the piston-chamber, forcing down the piston against the constant pressure beneath the head c thereof, the air exhausting through exhaust-port I. The piston and valve are now on the position illustrated in Fig. 5. The supply now passes from the top of the piston-chamber through port h, passage H, and port f7, acting against the left-hand side of the cut-away portion of the valve, rotates it into the position shown erde@ in Fig. 6, the air from the part of the cutaway portion of the valve on the opposite of the piece e2 exhausting in the meanwhile through the port f6, passage G, port g', an|1ular groove of the piston, port i, and exhaust port I. As soon as the valve is shifted into the position shown in Fig. 6, the air exhausts from the top of the piston-chamber through the port f, passage f3, port f5, and port f2 to the exhaust, the constant pressure beneath the head of the piston forcing up the piston into the position shown in Fig. 7. The supply 'iuid in the constant-pressure chamber now passes through port g, passage G, and port]c6 and acts upon the right-hand side of the cut-away portion of the valve and rotates it into the position shown in Fig. 4, the air from the part of the cut-away portion of the valve on the opposite side of the piece e2 exhausting in the meanwhile through port f7, passage I-I, bottom of the pistonchamber, and exhaustport I. The cycle of operation has now been completed. The piston continues to reciprocate by means of the valve in its reciprocation, alternately connecting the upper end of the piston-chamber with the supply and exhaust, and being in turn reciprocated by means of the piston in its reciprocation, connecting opposite pressure-surfaces of the valve alternately with the supply and exhaust.

A small orifice p is bored from the top of passage f3 to the top of the valve, so as to equalize the pressure in the top and bottom of the valve. The valve has also bored through it from top to bottom one or more holes pp to assist in equalizing the pressure above and belov7 the valve in case of any leakage of the supply fluid to the under face of the valve.

Having now fully described my invention, what I claim, and desire to protect by Letters Patent, is-

l. In a pneumatic tool, the combination of a case provided with a chamber, a piston in said chamber, a second chamber in said casing above said piston-chamber, a valve-casing having a projection in said second chamber, a rotary valve in said case having a cutaway portion forming a chamber in which said projection rests, said valve having its axis of rotation extending longitudinally oi' the tool, connection between a source of pressure-supply and said piston-chamber controlled by said valve.

2. In a pneumatic tool, the combination of a case provided with a chamber, a piston in said chamber, a second chamber in said casing above said piston-cham ber, a Valve-casi ng having a projection in said second chamber, a rotary valve in said case having a cut-away portion forming a chamber in which said projection rests, said valve havingits axis of rotation extending longitudinally of the tool, connections between the piston-chamber and a source of pressure-supply and between the piston-chamber and an exhaust both connec tions controlled by said valve, said valve be- IOO IIO

ing adapted in its movement in one direction to connect said piston chamber with the source of pressure-supply and in its movement in the other direction with the exhaust.

3. In a pneumatic tool, the combination of a case provided with a chamber, a piston in said chamber, a valve-case having a projection, a rotary valve in said case having a cutaway portion forming a chamber in which said projection rests, said valve having its axis of rotation extending longitudinally of the tool and substantially coincident with the longitudinal center of the piston, a chamber in the interior of the valve, a source of pressure-supply, connection between said source of pressure-supply and the chamber in the interior of the valve adapted to be opened and closed by the rotary shifting of the valve, and a connection between the chamber in the interior of the valve and the piston-chamber, whereby the valve in its rotation connects and cuts 01T the connection between the source of air-supply and the piston-chamber.

4. In a pneumatic tool, the combination of acase provided with a chamber, a piston in said chamber, a valve-case having a projection, a rotary valve in said case having a cutaway portion in which said projection rests, said valve having its axis of rotation extending longitudinally of the tool and substantially coincident with the longitudinal center of the piston, a chamber in the interior of the valve,a source of press u re-su pply,an exhaustport, connection between said source of pressure-supply and the chamber in the interiorl of the valve and between the exhaust and the g chamberin the interior of the valve adapted to be alternately opened and closed by the rotary shifting'of the valve, and a connection between the chamber in the interior of the valve andthe piston-chamber, whereby the valve in its rotation alternately connects the 1 piston-chamber with the pressure-supply and with the exhaust.

5. In a pneumatic tool, the combination of: a case provided with a chamber, a piston in` said chamber, a valve-case having a projection, a rotary valve in said case having a cut` away portion for minga chamber in which said projection rests, said valve having its axis ot rotation extending longitudinally of the tooland substantiallycoincident with the longitudinal center ofthe piston, a chamber n the interior-of the valve,a source of pressure-supply, connection between said sourceof pressuresupply and the chamber in the interior of the valve adapted to be opened and closed tion of the piston to be alternately connected with the last-named passages.

, 6. In a pneumatic tool, the combination of a case provided with a chamber, a piston in said chamber, a valve-case having a projection,a rotary valve in said case having a cutaway portion in which said projection rests, said valve having its axis of rotation extending longitudinally of the tooland substantially coincident with the longitudinal center ot` the piston, a chamber in the interior of the valve,a source of pressnre-supply,an exhaustport, connection between said source of pressure-supply and the chamber in the interiorof the valve and between the exhaust and the chamber in the interior of the valve adapted to be alternately opened and closed by the rot-ary shifting of the valve, and a connection between the chamber in the interior of the valve and the piston-chamber, whereby the valve in its rotation alternately connects the piston with the pressure-supply and with the exhaust,passages leading from the chamber in which said projection rests and on opposite sides of said projection, and ports in connection with the pressure-supply and exhaust adapted in the reciprocation of the piston to be alternately connected with the last-named passages.

7. In a pneumatic tool, in combination, a valve-case, a projection on the inner face thereof, a valve contained in the case, the inner wall of the valve-case and the outer wall of the valve being of cylindrical shape, a portion of the valve being cut away concentricy ally to a depth equal to the thickness of the projection, the width of the cut-away portion being greater than the width ofthe projection, a supply-port and an exhaust-port on the side of the valve-casing, a port in the bottom of the valve-case, a passage or chamber within the valve communicating with the last-named port, ports in the valve extending from the outside thereof to the said passage, and other ports in the valve-casing on each side of and contiguous to the projection, a piston-chamber, a striker therein, andv ports and passages controlled bythe striker in its reciprocation to alternately connect the last-named ports alternately withthe supply and exhaust.

8. In a pneumatic tool, in combination, a casing inclosing the piston chamber and valve-chamber, a piston in the piston-chainber, a projection on the inner face of the Valve-chamber, a valvei-n the valve-chamber, the valvechamber and valve being of cylindrical shape, a portion of the valve being cut away concentrically to a depth equal to the thickness of the projection, the width of the cut-away portion being greater than the width of the projection, ports on the side of the valvecasing,a port in the bottom ofthe valvecasing, a passage or chamber within the valve alining with the port in thebottom of the valve-chamber, ports in the valve extending from the outside thereof tol the said passage, one of the ports in the side of the valve-cas- IOO IOS

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ing being in constant communication with the supply and the other with the exhaust, and other ports in the valve-casing on each side of and contiguous to the projection, and air-passages connecting the piston-chamber with the last-mentioned ports, whereby the reciprocation of the piston alternately connects the last-mentioned passages alternately with the supply and exhaust, thereby reciprocating the valve and alternately connect.- ing one of the valve-ports with the constantsupply port in the side of the valve and the other of the valve-ports with the constant-exhaust port in the side of the valve, and a passage connecting the port in the valve-case with one end of the piston-chamber, whereby that end is alternately connected with the supply and exhaust, substantially as described.

9. In a pneumatic tool, the combination of a case provided with a chamber, a piston in said chamber, said piston having an enlarged portion and a projecting contracted portion, said case being provided with a second chamber above said piston-chamber, a hollow rotary valve in said second chain ber, said valve having the axis of rotation extending longitudinally of the tool, a source of pressuresupply, a constant connection between said source of pressuresupply and the pistonchamber adjacent to the portion ot' less area of the enlarged portion of the piston, connection between said source of pressure-supply and the valve-chamber, and a passage connecting the interior of the valve with the piston-chamber contiguous to the side of greater area of said enlarged portion of the piston, the connection and construction being such that the valve in its rotation connects and cuts off the connection between the pressuresupply and the interior of the valve.

l0. In a pneumatic tool, the combination of a case provided with a chamber, a piston in said chamber, said piston havin-g an enlarged portion and a projecting contracted portion, said case being provided witha second chamber above said piston-chamber, a hollow rotary valve in said second chamber, said valve having the axis of rotation extending longitudinally of the tool,a source of pressuresupply, a constant connection between said source of pressure-supply and the pistonchamber adjacent to the portion of less area of the enlarged portion of the piston, connection between said source of pressure-supply and the valve-chamber, and a passage connecting the interior of the valve with the piston-chamber contiguous to the side of greater area of said enlarged portion of the piston, and a passage leading from said valve-chamber to the exhaust, the connections and construction being such that the valve in its rotation alternately connects the interior of the valve with the pressure-supply and exhaust.

11. 1n a pneumatic tool, the combination of a case provided with a chamber, a piston in said chamber, said piston having an enlarged portion and a projecting contracted portion, said case being provided with a second chamber above said piston-chamber, a rotary valve in said second chamber, said valve having the axis of rotation extending longitudinally of the tool, a source of pressure-supply, a constant connection between said source of pressure-supply and the piston-chamber adjacent to the portion of less area of the enlarged portion of the piston, connection between said source of pressure-supply and the valve-chamber, ports and passages connecting the valvechamber and piston-chamber contiguous to the side of greater area of said enlarged portion of the piston, the connection and construction being such that the valve in its rotation connects and cuts off said last-mentioned connection between the pressure-supplyand piston-chamber, a projection from the interior of the valve-case, the valve being cut away to form a chamber in which said projection rests, passages leading to said chamber on opposite sides of said projection, and ports in connection with the pressure-supply and the exhaust, adapted in the reciprocation of the piston to be alternately connected with said passages.

l2. In a pneumatic tool, the combination ot' a case provided with a chamber, a piston in said chamber, said piston having an enlarged portion and a projecting contracted portion, said case being provided with a second chamber above said piston-chamber, a rotary valve in said second chamber, said valve having the axisof rotation extendinglongitudinallyof the tool, a source of pressure-supply, a constant connection between saidsource of pressuresupply and the piston-chamber adjacent to the portion of less area of the enlarged portion of the piston, connection between said source of pressure-su ppl y and the valve-chamber, ports and passages connecting the valvechamber and piston-chamber contiguous to the side of greater area of said enlarged portion of the piston,a passage leading from the valvechamber to the exhaust, the connection and construction being such that the valve in its rotation alternately connects the said lastmentioned portion of the piston-chamber with the pressure-supply and exhaust, a projection from the interior of the valve-case, the valve being cut away to form a chamber in which said projection rests, passages leading to said chamber on opposite sides of said projection, and ports in connection with the pressuresupply and the exhaust, adapted in the reciprocation of the piston to be alternately connected with said passages.

13. In a pneumatic tool, the combination of a casing having a chamber, a piston having a head in said chamber, a source of pressuresupply and connection between said pressuresupply and the piston-chamber adjacent to the side of head of less area,'an exhaust-passage from said chamber beneath the piston, a passage having ports in connection with the IOO IIO

tending longitudinally of thetool in said chamber, a passage from the source of pressure-supply to the valve-chamber, and a passage from the interior of the valve-chamber to the piston-chamber adjacent to the side of greater area of the enlarged portion of the piston-chamber, and an exhaust-passage from said valve-chamber, the connections and construction being such that the valve in its rtation alternately connects the interior of the -valve and the piston-chamber with the pressure-supply and exhaust.

14. In a pneumatic tool, in combination, a

case havinga piston-chamber, a piston therein having a head,said case having a second chamber above said piston-chamber, a rotary valve for controlling the movement of the piston in said second chamber, said valve having its axis of rotation extending longitudinally of the tool, a valve-casing having a projection, the valve being cut away to form a chamber in which said projection rests, passages leading from one side of said projection to the piston-chamber above said head, and to the lower portion of the piston-chamber, a passage leading from the other side of said projection to the upper portion of the pistonchamber, an exhaust-opening from the lower end of the piston-chamber, apassage leading from the last-mentioned side of the said proj ection to a point in the piston-chamber adapted to register with an annular cut-away portion of the piston in the reciprocations of the piston, and a passage leading to the exhaust also adapted to register with said annular cut-'away portion.

15. In a pneumatic tool, the combination of a casing having a chamber, a piston having a head in said chamber, a source of pressuresupply and connection between said air-supply and the piston-chamber adjacent to the side of head of less area, an exhaust-passage from said chamber beneath the piston, a pas'- sage having ports in connection with-the piston-chamberabove and below said piston,said case being provided with a second chamber above said piston-chamber, a rotary valve in said second chamber said valve having the axis of rotation extending longitudinally of the tool, a passage from the source ofair-supply to the valve-chamber, and a passage from the valve-chamber to the piston-chamber adjacent to the side of greater area of the enlarged portion of the piston-chamber, and an exhaust-passage from said'valve-charnber,the connections and construction being such that the valve in its rotation 'alternately connects the piston-cham ber with the pressure-supply and exhaust, the valve-casing being provided with a projection, the valve being cut away to form a chamber in which said projection rests, passages leading from one side of said projection to the piston-chamber above said head and to the lower portion of the pistonchamber beneath said head` a passage leading from 'the opposite side ot'said projection to the upper portion of the piston-chambena passage leading from the last-mentioned side of the said projection to a point in the pistonl cham ber adapted to register with an annular cut-away portion of the piston in the reciprocations of the piston, and a passage leading to the exhaust also adapted to register with said annular cut-away portion.

16. In a pneumatic tool, the combination of a case provided with a cham ber, a piston in said chamber, said case being provided with a second chamber above said piston-chamber a valve-case in said second chamber, a rotary valve therein having opposing pressure-surfaces, said valve having its axis of rotation extending longitudinally of the tool, a source of pressure-supply, an exhaust-port, connection between said source of pressuresupply and the interior of the valve and between the exhaust and the interior of the valve'adapted to bek alternately opened and closed by the shiftingof the valve, anda connection between the interior of the valve and the piston-chamber whereby the valve in its rotation alternately connects the pistonchamber with the pressure-supply and. with theexhaust.

17. In a pneumatic tool, the combination of a case provided with a chamber, a piston in said chamber, said Casin g being provided with a second chamber above said piston-chamber, a valve-case in said second chamber, a rotary valve therein having opposing pressure-sur- `faces, said valve having an axis of rotation tion .between said source of pressure-supply and the interior of the valve and between the exhaust and the interior of the valve adapted to be alternately opened and closed bythe shifting of the valve, and a connection between the interior of the valve and the pistonchamber whereby the valve in its rota-tion alternately connects the piston-chamber with the pressure-supply and with the exhaust, passages leading from opposite pressure-surfaces of said valve, and ports in connection with the pressure-supply and exhaust adapted inthe reciprocation of the piston to be alternately connected with the last-named passages.

18. In a pneumatic tool, the combination of a case provided with a chamber, a piston in said chamber, a valve-case, a rotary valve therein having opposing pressure-surfaces, a chamber in the interior of the valve communicating with the piston-chamber, ports extending from said chamber to the exterior of the valve, ports in the valve-casing adapted to alternately register with one of said ports in the reciprocation of tliervalve and c'onnected respectively with the source of pres sure-supply and the exhaust.

19. In a pneumatic tool, the combination of ports in connection with the pressure-supply and exhaust adapted in the reeiprocation of the piston to be alternately connected with the last-named passages.

In testimony of which invention l have hereunto set my hand, at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, on this 31st (lay of July, 1899.

TWILLIAM II. SOLEY.

Witnesses:

FRANK S. BUssER, J. M. SHINDLER, Jr. 

